seventeenforever: 議題討論。如何向外國人介紹台灣

在國外旅遊的時候，常常被問到說台灣/泰國?

Taiwan/Thailand?

這時候總是一臉困窘不知道該如何和對方解釋台灣

台灣在哪裡?台灣的文化?台灣的特色?台灣與中國的關係?

這次去上了商用英文課之後，老師第一堂課就教大家認識台灣

藉由過去在旅遊期間，需要和不同國家的人介紹台灣的時候

忽然發覺自己竟然對自己土生土長的國家一點都不熟悉

這樣的感覺是除了詞窮之外更是無知

今天的文章就是要分享一下如何介紹台灣

本篇會從幾個層面介紹

1.地理位置 2.基本介紹 3.台灣特色 4.台灣政治

1.地理位置

台灣位於哪裡?

我們可以說台灣臨近的國家有-中國/日本/韓國/菲律賓

Taiwan is an island.(Sub Tropical Island)

台灣是一座島嶼，副熱帶氣候國家

We are at Far East.Southwest coast to China.

我們位於東亞，位於中國的西南方

Neighboring states include thePeople's Republic of China to the west,

Japan to the northeast, and the Philippines to the south.

Taiwan is the most populous non-UN state and the largest economy outside of the UN.

講到地理位置，我們可以來了解一下台灣附近海域的名稱

上面:與日本中間的叫做東海 East China Sea

下面:與菲律賓相隔的海峽為巴士海峽 Bashi Channel

左邊:台灣與中國之間的海峽叫做台灣海峽 Taiwan Strait

右邊:我們的右邊就是太平洋 Pacific Ocean

剛剛提到

Taiwan is an island.(Sub Tropical Island)

台灣是一座島嶼，副熱帶氣候國家

我們就藉由上面的圖了解一下赤道等英文怎麼說

中間那條赤道叫做 Equater

北緯23.5度的北回歸線 Tropic of Cancer

南緯23.5度的南回歸線 Tropic of Capicorn

而這中間的地帶就稱為熱帶型氣候 Tropic

台灣以南較熱就是因為有經過赤帶

2.基本介紹

Taiwan officially the Republic of China (ROC)

Population: 23 million people

台灣人口為2千3百萬人

首都 Capital：臺北市 Taipei City

官方語言Official languages :Mandarin中文

貨幣Currency：新臺幣 New Taiwan dollar(NT$) (TWD)

時區 Time zone: National Standard Time(UTC+8)

碰到敏感的宗教話題，台灣主要宗較為佛教(Buddhism)與道教(Taoism)

在台灣，宗教話題與其他國家相比相對的開放，我們對於其他宗教信仰不排斥

Main religon is Buddhism and Taoism.

Also,Taiwanese are open mind to different religon.

3.台灣特色

我們是一個充滿各式山脈的國家，最高山為玉山，同時也是遠東最高山

Taiwan is an mountinest country.Tallest mt.—Jade mountain

which is the tallest one in East Asia.

Taiwan has the world’s largest collection and greatest density of high mountains.

More than 70 percent of its surface is covered with fingers of land pionting to the sky.

Of these,more than 250 reach a height of 3,000 meters.

我們有70%以上的表面都被高聳入雲的山脈所覆蓋，其中超過250座的高度都達3000公尺

台灣五大山脈:(從北到南;由西至東)

Xueshan Range雪山山脈

Central Mountain Range中央山脈

Alishan Range阿里山山脈

Yushan Range玉山山脈

Coastal Mountain Range海岸山脈

Taiwan is famous of food and fruit alos.We can be called “Fruit kindom”as well.

台灣是一個美食與水果王國

我們有著各式各樣好吃又特別的水果

以下都是台灣產生相當美味的水果

These are all Taiwan’s famous fruit.

芒果=Mango;芭樂=Guava

木瓜=Papaya;榴槤=Durian

楊桃=Star Fruit;荔枝=Lichee

蓮霧=Wax Apple /Jambu Fruit;釋迦=Sweetsop/Sugar Apple

龍眼=Longan;荔枝=Lichee

蓮霧=Wax Apple /Jambu Fruit;釋迦=Sweetsop/Sugar Apple

講到台灣除了水果之外，也有鼎鼎大名的夜市night market

you will never get bored in Taiwan.

Eating is one of the most important culture to Taiwanese people.

這裡有一篇文章在講說台灣必吃美食

http://www.roughguides.com/article/taiwan-street-food/

有興趣大家可以看看

當然，除了美食之外我們在國際競爭上也具有相對優勢

比如說大家耳熟能想的大品牌

These brands are all frrom Taiwan---Htc/acer/Giant/Asus

Wr’re well know from our semiconductor industry(半導體產業) as well.

4.台灣政治與中國關係

相信大家應該都知道三不政策--不談宗教/不談信仰/不談個人隱私

雖然說台灣人民對於信仰與個人隱私普遍性來說比較寬容

但是對於政治卻是相當炙熱

多數人會問，台灣是一個什麼樣的國家?

我們像香港一樣被歸屬為中國的特別行政區域嘛?

而這個問題雖然敏感，卻也是我在外旅遊常常被問到的

台灣和中國是怎麼樣的關係?

談到台灣歷史，我們曾經隸屬於不同國家的占領地

從葡萄牙/荷蘭/日本到最後的民主法治台灣

中間我們與中國曾經是一體的，為什麼國軍最後敗戰來台?

明明外戰打贏了日本，卻輸在與共產黨的內戰中

短短的時間內輸掉了江山，這中間的原因是什麼?

+注意:本篇內容盡量以客觀的角度去解讀歷史，絕無任何預設政治立場

若有不同意見歡迎留言，但是請記得我們這裡講的是客觀的歷史與現代發展喔!

好的，以下的篇幅會很長，也需要回到源頭跟大家解釋歷史

請耐心閱讀

從上面檢單的圖表中可以大概簡單的把台灣的歷史描述出來

問題一:

中間我們與中國曾經是一體的，為什麼國軍最後敗戰來台?

明明外戰打贏了日本，卻輸在與共產黨的內戰中

其實這個問題有點複雜，但是我們簡單來說

(可以參考上表內容，較好理解)

主要原因在於:八年抗戰期間，民心產生了重大的轉變。共產黨贏得民心，但國民黨漸失民心。

抗戰期間，國民黨的統治階層不斷的動員（壓榨）農民的資源，以投入抗戰。

而共產黨的游擊隊及政工人員則在鄉村與農民共苦，進行土地改革，贏得了民心，

也奠定了抗戰勝利後與國民黨爭天下的基礎。

抗戰勝利後，敵國倒了，「日本鬼子」走了，

國民黨雖然勝利了，卻也無法再以民族主義為號召來動員群眾。

而對廣大的中國農民來說，歷經戰爭歲月的洗禮及共產黨帶來的解放，

這時顯然覺得共產黨要比國民黨更深得民心了。

(以上內容節錄自以下網址

[歷史回想] ．國民黨為何失掉大陸江山？－由郝柏村新書發表會談起（上）)

問題二:台灣目前的政治型態?

中華民國是東亞的共和立憲制國家(Democratic country)

1912年1月1日成立的中華民國，常被視為「亞洲第一個民主共和國」。 (維基百科)

台灣目前以兩黨為主要大黨:分別是國民黨與民進黨

國民黨 Chinese Nationalist Party

民進黨 Democratic Progressive Party

目前執政黨為民進黨，同時上任台灣第一任女總統

Ruling party (2016-2020) is Democratic Progressive Party.

Taiwan has its first female presindent in history.

總統President：蔡英文Tsai Ing-wen(2016-2020)

問題三:台灣意識抬頭與中國的政治關係

在國際上，台灣與中國常常會被誤認成同一個國家

在英文上，台灣與中國的英文名字相當類似

中華民國/台灣/福爾摩沙 :Republic of China (ROC),Taiwan,Formosa

為什麼中國不認為台灣是一個國家?為什麼馬政府親中導致部分民怨?

我們回到上述簡單歷史講解的圖表

當年我們是國軍戰敗，撤退到台灣

對於撤退來台的國民黨心中始終認為，中國只有一個!我們要反攻大陸，回歸祖國

因為對於蔣中正來說，中華民國只有一個，他要創立的即是法治民主的社會

而台灣早期一直都是一黨獨大的型態，直到民主進步黨創立，台灣終於有了第一次的政黨輪替

而當時陳水扁政府一直營造的就是自我意識的抬頭，但當時多數的人民並不買單

直到了馬英九執政期間的親中策略，台灣人的自我認同已經和早期國民黨執政時期有很大的差異

這時的台灣人已經發展出:我是台灣人，我不是中國的ㄧ部分

台灣與中國不是同一個國家，我們就是台灣，台灣是一個國家

可是對中國而言，對於台灣可能還是停留在過去中國只有一個的想法中

但是我們的人民思想已經了轉變了

基於後來演變的政治、經濟型態與國際情勢，進而演變成今天海峽兩岸緊張的關係

以一個台灣人的角度來看，我們本來就是一個國家

和香港與中國的關係是不同的

The complications of Taiwan's history since 1945 have created a number of practical issues for its people. Key among these are the exact nature of Taiwanese national identity, the ambiguous international political status of Taiwan, and the difficult cross-strait relations.

In Taiwan, these issues generate debate among political parties and candidates. Though the ROC renounced in 1992 the conquest of PRC-controlled territories as a national goal, there is still dispute over whether the constitution still claims sovereignty over all of the ROC's pre-1949 territories, including Outer Mongoliaand the entirety of the present PRC.

In practical terms, settlement of questions such as whether the ROC identifies more as "Taiwan" or "China", and what the exact nature of its identity is relative to the PRC (whether international or domestic), rests with thepolitical coalition most recently elected. Meanwhile, the PRC continues to assert the One China policy, in which it is sole legal government of "China" and that Taiwan is a province of China. As a result, the ROC is not recognised as a sovereign state by most countries and is not a member of the United Nations. The PRC has threatened the use of military force as a response to any formal declaration by Taiwan of national independence or to any decision by PRC leaders that peacefulChinese unification is no longer possible.

Current political issues

The dominant political issue in Taiwan is its relationship with the PRC. For almost 60 years, there were no direct transportation links, including direct flights, between Taiwan and mainland China. This was a problem for many Taiwanese businesses that had opened factories or branches in mainland China. The former DPP administration feared that such links would lead to tighter economic and political integration with mainland China, and in the 2006 Lunar New Year Speech, President Chen Shui-bian called for managed opening of links. Direct weekend charter flights between Taiwan and mainland China began in July 2008 under the current KMT government, and the first direct daily charter flights took off in December 2008.

Other major political issues include the passage of an arms procurement bill that the United States authorized in 2001. In 2008, however, the United States was reluctant to send over more arms to Taiwan out of fear that it would hinder the recent improvement of ties between the PRC and the ROC.^[147] Another major political issue is the establishment of a National Communications Commission to take over from the Government Information Office, whose advertising budget exercised great control over the media.The politicians and their parties have themselves become major political issues. Corruption among some DPP administration officials has been exposed. In early 2006, President Chen Shui-bian was linked to possible corruption. The political effect on President Chen Shui-bian was great, causing a divide in the DPP leadership and supporters alike. It eventually led to the creation of a political camp led by ex-DPP leader Shih Ming-teh which believes the president should resign. The KMT assets continue to be another major issue, as it was once the richest political party in the world. Nearing the end of 2006, KMT's chairman Ma Ying-jeou was also hit by corruption controversies, although he has since then been cleared of any wrongdoings by the courts. After completing his second term as President, Chen Shui-bian was charged with corruption and money laundering. Following his conviction, he is serving a 17-year sentence in Taipei Prison.

National identity:Taiwanese identity and Chinese nationalism

Roughly 84% of Taiwan's population descends from Han Chinese who migrated from China between 1661 and 1895. Another significant fraction descends from Han Chinese who immigrated from China in the 1940s and 1950s. The shared cultural origin combined with several hundred years of geographical separation, some hundred years of political separation and foreign influences, as well as hostility between the rival ROC and PRC have resulted in national identity being a contentious issue with political overtones. Since democratization and the lifting of martial law, a distinct Taiwanese identity (as opposed to Taiwanese identity as a subset of a Chinese identity) is often at the heart of political debates. Its acceptance makes the island distinct from mainland China, and therefore may be seen as a step towards forming a consensus for de jure Taiwan independence.The pan-green camp supports a distinct Taiwanese identity, while the pan-blue camp supports a Chinese identity only. The KMT has downplayed this stance in the recent years and now supports a Taiwanese identity as part of a Chinese identity.According to a survey conducted in March 2009, 49% of the respondents consider themselves as Taiwanese only, and 44% of the respondents consider themselves as Taiwanese and Chinese. 3% consider themselves as only Chinese. Another survey, conducted in Taiwan in July 2009, showed that 82.8% of respondents consider the ROC and the PRC as two separate countries with each developing on its own. A survey conducted in December 2009 showed that 62% of the respondents consider themselves as Taiwanese only, and 22% of the respondents consider themselves as both Taiwanese and Chinese. 8% consider themselves as only Chinese. The survey also shows that among 18- to 29-year-old respondents, 75% consider themselves as Taiwanese only.In the latest survey conducted by National Chengchi University in 2014 and published in early 2015, 60.6% of respondents identified themselves exclusively as Taiwanese, 32.5% identified themselves as both Taiwanese and Chinese and 3.5% identified themselves as Chinese.

以上就是大致談論台灣的政治型態與兩岸的政治型態

要如何翻成不同的語言講，目前有點困難用打字的寫出來....

QQ程度還不到這麼高深，所以以上文字是由唯基百科摘錄出來的

會寫這篇文章，如同前言所提

每次都問到有關於台灣的事情，都覺得不知道該怎麼講

到比較深的政治問題時，甚至語塞到連中文該怎麼解釋都不曉得

也藉由這次寫文章的機會，自己可以多查資料並與同年齡的朋友探討

也歸納出一些重點整理，給未來有機會將台灣介紹給其他人的時候可以幫助他們更了解台灣這個國家

以上的圖片多數來自網路，圖表則是我歸納出來的重點

文獻參考了不少地方:

例如:維基百科/其他部落格文章

試圖以台灣論點回答為什麼台灣人現在不認同中國呢?